Book Review: The Turn of the Screw by Henry James

Title: The Turn of the Screw Author: Henry James Published: October 1898 by Macmillain (Amazon / Goodreads) Synopsis: A young governess arrives at a secluded country estate, hired by the manor’s often-absent master to look after his orphaned niece and nephew. The young woman, a parson’s daughter, is immediately charmed by eight-year-old Flora—and Miles, two years older, seems like a perfect little gentleman when he is unexpectedly sent home from his boarding school. But Miles’s steadfast refusal to reveal the cause of his expulsion is troubling, as are the staff’s whispered stories about the previous governess, Miss Jessel, and her lover, the mysterious valet, Peter Quint, both of whom are now dead. Most disturbing of all are the spectral figures wandering the grounds of Bly that only the new governess can see: a woman and a dark man who seem to take a special interest in Miles and Flora. No longer sure of what is real and whom she can trust, the governess desperately tries to hold on to her sanity and protect the innocent children from forces too sinister to name. A literary masterpiece whose mysteries are open to endless interpretation, The Turn of the Screw has been haunting readers for more than a century.

It's been awhile since I have read a classic. Legit read a classic, a book published in the 19th century or earlier. That would probably be The Wizard of Oz which I read in June. It's been even longer since I can say that I enjoyed a classic written in the 19th century. That distinction lies with a Henry James novel I read in February, The Portrait of a Lady. Therefore I was excited to read another Henry James novel this month and enjoyed his work just as much as I had in February. He's quickly becoming a favorite author for me.

And while The Portrait of a Lady was James' response to Regency Romances ala Jane Austen, The Turn of the Screw is his response to the Gothic Horror of the time (there are even some direct references to some of the more popular books within the genre). It plays on certain tropes from those kind of novels including the main character being a governess, the creepy old house full of secrets, and even the idea of ghost, and haunted houses. As a fan of those types of stories and also someone who has been a little critical of them it was great to see not only the similarities but what was taken as a good part of the genre and what was changed to act as a sort of criticism. It's one of the things I love about Henry James. It's like he sees what is popular and thinks "I can make that better" or better yet "I can make that more realistic." Henry James is a writer for readers (an absurd thing to say but I hope you get what I mean).

But what he does really well with these ideas is create a real atmospheric sense of mystery and unease. I have been a little disappointed by some of the ghost stories that I have been reading this month. They just didn't create the spooky sense of unease that I look for in these types of stories. But Henry James did create that. His ghosts weren't the kind that went around "haunting" people and scaring them around corners of the house (although that did happen). These are the kind of ghosts that were even more sinister. they were influencing people to do what they want. The point definitely cam across and despite the slow start by the conclusion of the book I was on the edge of my seat curious about what was going to happen and slightly overwhelmed by the conclusion.

And after reading two of his novels, I noticed that another thing that Henry James does really is create interesting and complex characters that you can't help but like, even when you hate them. In this case we have the unnamed main character, the governess. While she is not the most complex and interesting of characters it is still pretty easy to connect with her and her story. Perhaps it is Henry James' narrative style. It's like you are sitting in front of a campfire listening her tell you a ghost story. And the secondary characters are definitely well-rounded and interesting. Both the two children and the two ghosts are interesting and keep you guessing throughout the entire story.

The Turn of the Screw is a novella or short story so it's definitely a quick read. If you are looking for a quick and interesting classic ghost story to read around this time of year then I definitely suggest The Turn of the Screw by Henry James.

I give The Turn of the Screw by Henry James an 8.5 out of 10 

Have you read The Turn of the Screw? What did you think? What are some of your favorite ghost stories and what do you look for to make them spooky? Leave me a comment with your thoughts and of course HAPPY READING!

Book Reviews: The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James

Title: The Portrait of a Lady Author: Henry James Published: 1880-81 in Atlantic Monthly and Macmillan Magazine Amazon Goodreads Synopsis: In this portrait of a "young woman affronting her destiny," Henry James created one of his most magnificent heroines, and a story of intense poignancy. When Isabel Archer, a beautiful, spirited American, is brought to Europe by her wealthy aunt, it is expected that she will soon marry. But Isabel, resolved to enjoy her freedom, does not hesitate to turn down two eligible suitors. Then she finds herself irresistibly drawn to the charming and cultivated Gilbert Osmond. Isabel, however, soon discovers the cruelty and stifling darkness beneath Gilbert's civilized veneer.

If you are looking for a classic romance in the vein of Jane Austen, Louisa May Alcott, Charlotte Bronte, and George Eliot you have come to the wrong place. Be warned, there are no happy couples here. This book is for the cold-hearted cynic inside of you. Henry James is not a romantic and The Portrait of a Lady is more of a Victorian satire, a romantic parody, if you will.

First we have our main character Isabel Archer, a young woman from Albany, New York who moves in with her expatriate relatives living in England. Her male relatives take an instant liking to her, both of them being ill, and when her uncle dies he leaves the bulk of his fortune to Isabel because of her cousin Ralph’s urging. She is beautiful, charming, and now wealthy; everything a girl of the time would want to be. She has a trail of suitors all of whom she rejects believing she wants to see the world and maintain her independence. Then a friend of the family, Madame Merle, introduces her to the charming but poor Gilbert Osmond and his adorable daughter Pansy. She falls head-over-heels and agrees to marry him. But unlike most women in these classic romances things take a turn for the worse as soon as she gets married.

One thing you have to know about this book is that the writing style that Henry James uses to craft this story is incredibly unique. It is told in third-person omniscient and many times this narrator chooses to speak directly to the reader, informing them of what the characters are doing and why they are doing them. And we not only learn of Isabel and her goings on but also Osmond, Madame Merle, and many other characters. Because of this extra knowledge we get a lot of dramatic irony and our opinions of many characters are different than those of Isabel based on our privileged information. It adds a completely new dimension to the story and we spend a lot of the book seeing Isabel work out the information we learned 300 pages previously. And like most classics, James writing is incredibly poetic and his prose is incredible.

The book is very character-driven as much of the plot is devoted to the seemingly mundane social visits that the characters make to one another. Many moments that you would think are important to the story are glossed over, or not mentioned at all. For example we never see Isabel’s wedding. She accepts Osmond’s proposal and then we skip ahead a year. But the complicatedness of the characters and their lives makes the book interesting. There is a lot of scheming and plotting, and I was incredibly surprised by a crazy plot twist at the end of the book.

James seems to be making a social commentary in this book. First, money doesn’t bring you happiness and neither can marriage. For Isabel when she inherits a small fortune it creates problems for her that she never expected, and when she finally accepts a marriage proposal things turn really bad. She is married for love, wealthy, and now miserable. Finally, and most importantly, James is making a statement about love. In most of these classic novels there is the idea of marry for love, maybe you’ll be poor but at least you’ll be happy. This is really not the case in The Portrait of a Lady. To me James seems to be saying, you don’t really know what love and you’re confusing lust for love. Isabel thinks she wants to marry for love and wants to be treated as an equal but she turns down more than one perfectly good proposal out of pure stubbornness. She is very stubborn character on the whole: stubborn, headstrong, and reckless. She doesn’t think about what is best for herself before making a decision, she just makes it. But I do give her a lot of respect for sticking with her decisions despite the fact that she knows they were the wrong thing to do when she looks back on them.

I give The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James an 8 out of 10 

Now don’t get me wrong. I love classic romances where love overcomes all obstacles. I’m not saying those are bad novels in any but The Portrait of a Lady was incredibly refreshing. This book was a tremendous social commentary and really enjoyable. It completely changed the way I view literary couples and I will never look at classics the same way. It was the perfect anti-love story for February. If you are looking for a new spin on classics or a cynical take on romance then I definitely recommend this book.

If you’ve read it and have thoughts leave me a comment and of course HAPPY READING!